Swap HBAR for tokens (V2)

Below are two methods available to swap HBAR for tokens:

Consider the token’s decimal places when determining the output amount.

The output values should be in the token’s smallest unit. For the SAUCE token, which has 6 decimal places, an input of 123.45 SAUCE should be entered as 123450000 (123.45 multiplied by 10^6).

Ensure that the “to” account has the output token id associated prior to executing the swap. Failure to do so will result in a TOKEN_NOT_ASSOCIATED_TO_ACCOUNT error.

When providing HBAR in the path array, use the Wrapped HBAR token id (WHBAR).

Swap exact HBAR for tokens

Swap an exact amount of HBAR for a minimum token amount Solidity function name: exactInput

Struct Parameter Name	Description
bytes path	A bytes array representing a route path including fees data
recipient	EVM address of the token recipient
deadline	Deadline in Unix seconds
amountIn	The exact input token amount in its smallest unit
amountOutMinimum	The minimum token amount to receive in its smallest unit

struct ExactInputParams {
  bytes path;
  address recipient;
  uint256 deadline;
  uint256 amountIn;
  uint256 amountOutMinimum;
}

function exactInput(ExactInputParams calldata params) external payable returns (uint256 amountOut);

/// @inheritdoc ISwapRouter
function exactInput(ExactInputParams memory params)
  external
  payable
  override
  checkDeadline(params.deadline)
  returns (uint256 amountOut)
{
  address payer = msg.sender; // msg.sender pays for the first hop

  while (true) {
    bool hasMultiplePools = params.path.hasMultiplePools();

    // the outputs of prior swaps become the inputs to subsequent ones
    params.amountIn = exactInputInternal(
      params.amountIn,
      hasMultiplePools ? address(this) : params.recipient, // for intermediate swaps, this contract custodies
      0,
      SwapCallbackData({
        path: params.path.getFirstPool(), // only the first pool in the path is necessary
        payer: payer
      })
    );

    // decide whether to continue or terminate
    if (hasMultiplePools) {
      payer = address(this); // at this point, the caller has paid
      params.path = params.path.skipToken();
    } else {
      amountOut = params.amountIn;
      break;
    }
  }

  require(amountOut >= params.amountOutMinimum, 'Too little received');
}

Set the minimum output token amount (amountOutMinimum) with caution.A high minimum might lead to a swap failure due to insufficient liquidity or rapid price movements. Conversely, setting the minimum too low can expose you to significant slippage, potentially resulting in a financial loss as you might receive far fewer tokens than expected.

It is recommended to include refundETH in the multicall in case excess HBAR was sent to the contract.

The data passed to the ‘path’ parameter follows this format: [token, fee, token, fee, token, …], with each ‘token’ in the route being 20 bytes long and each ‘fee’ being 3 bytes long. Example, 0x0001F4 (500) for a 0.05% fee.

Code overview

JavaScript SDK

Resources:

Note: The Hedera JavaScript SDK currently does not support passing complex contract function parameters. Instead, use Ethers.js or Web3.js to obtain the encoded function data and pass that data as a function parameter.

import * as ethers from 'ethers'; //V6
import {
  ContractExecuteTransaction,
  TokenAssociateTransaction
} from '@hashgraph/sdk';

//Client pre-checks:
// - Output token is associated

//load ABI data containing SwapRouter, PeripheryPayments and Multicall functions
const abiInterfaces = new ethers.Interface(abi);

//ExactInputParams
const params = {
  path: routeDataWithFee, //'0x...'
  recipient: recipientAddress, //'0x...' - user's recipient address
  deadline: deadline, //Unix seconds
  amountIn: inputTinybar, //in Tinybar
  amountOutMinimum: outputAmountMin//in token's smallest unit
};

//encode each function individually
const swapEncoded = abiInterfaces.encodeFunctionData('exactInput', [params]);
const refundHBAREncoded = abiInterfaces.encodeFunctionData('refundETH');

//multi-call parameter: bytes[]
const multiCallParam = [swapEncoded, refundHBAREncoded];

//get encoded data for the multicall involving both functions
const encodedData = abiInterfaces.encodeFunctionData('multicall', [multiCallParam]);

//get encoded data as Uint8Array
const encodedDataAsUint8Array = hexToUint8Array(encodedData);

const response = await new ContractExecuteTransaction()
 .setPayableAmount(Hbar.from(inputTinybar, HbarUnit.Tinybar))
 .setContractId(swapRouterContractId)
 .setGas(gasLim)
 .setFunctionParameters(encodedDataAsUint8Array)
 .execute(client);

const record = await response.getRecord(client);
const result = record.contractFunctionResult!;
const values = result.getResult(['uint256']);
const amountOut = values[0]; //uint256 amountOut

Swap HBAR for exact tokens

Swap a maximum amount of HBAR to receive an exact tokens amount. Solidity function name: exactOutput

Struct Parameter Name	Description
bytes path	A bytes array representing a route path including fees data
recipient	EVM address of the token recipient
deadline	Deadline in Unix seconds
amountOut	The exact output token amount to receive in its smallest unit
amountInMaximum	The maximum HBAR amount to spend, in tinybar

struct ExactOutputParams {
  bytes path;
  address recipient;
  uint256 deadline;
  uint256 amountOut;
  uint256 amountInMaximum;
}

function exactOutput(ExactOutputParams calldata params) external payable returns (uint256 amountIn);

/// @inheritdoc ISwapRouter
function exactOutput(ExactOutputParams calldata params)
  external
  payable
  override
  checkDeadline(params.deadline)
  returns (uint256 amountIn)
{
  // it's okay that the payer is fixed to msg.sender here, as they're only paying for the "final" exact output
  // swap, which happens first, and subsequent swaps are paid for within nested callback frames
  exactOutputInternal(
    params.amountOut,
    params.recipient,
    0,
    SwapCallbackData({path: params.path, payer: msg.sender})
  );

  amountIn = amountInCached;
  require(amountIn <= params.amountInMaximum, 'Too much requested');
  amountInCached = DEFAULT_AMOUNT_IN_CACHED;
}

Ensure that the refundETH is included in the multicall so that any excess payable HBAR amount, up to the maximum amount, is refunded to the sender.

Set the maximum input token amount (amountInMaximum) with caution.A low maximum might lead to a swap failure if the required liquidity surpasses this limit or due to rapid price movements. Conversely, setting it too high can expose you to significant slippage, potentially leading to a financial loss as you might spend far more tokens than expected.

The data passed to the ‘path’ parameter follows this format: [token, fee, token, fee, token, …], but reversed (i.e. the first token in the array should be output token), with each ‘token’ in the route being 20 bytes long and each ‘fee’ being 3 bytes long. Example, 0x000BB8 (3000) for a 0.30% fee.

Code overview

JavaScript SDK

Resources:

import * as ethers from 'ethers'; //V6
import {
  ContractExecuteTransaction,
  TokenAssociateTransaction
} from '@hashgraph/sdk';

//Client pre-checks:
// - Output token is associated

//load ABI data containing SwapRouter, PeripheryPayments and Multicall functions
const abiInterfaces = new ethers.Interface(abi);

//ExactOutputParams
const params = {
  path: routeDataWithFee, //'0x...' (reversed route path)
  recipient: recipientAddress, //'0x...' - user's recipient address
  deadline: deadline, //Unix seconds
  amountOut: outputAmount, //in token's smallest unit
  amountInMaximum: inputTinybarMax //in Tinybar
};

//encode each function individually
const swapEncoded = abiInterfaces.encodeFunctionData('exactOutput', [params]);
const refundHBAREncoded = abiInterfaces.encodeFunctionData('refundETH');

//multi-call parameter: bytes[]
const multiCallParam = [swapEncoded, refundHBAREncoded];

//get encoded data for the multicall involving both functions
const encodedData = abiInterfaces.encodeFunctionData('multicall', [multiCallParam]);

//get encoded data as Uint8Array
const encodedDataAsUint8Array = hexToUint8Array(encodedData);

const response = await new ContractExecuteTransaction()
 .setPayableAmount(Hbar.from(inputTinybarMax, HbarUnit.Tinybar))
 .setContractId(swapRouterContractId)
 .setGas(gasLim)
 .setFunctionParameters(encodedDataAsUint8Array)
 .execute(client);

const record = await response.getRecord(client);
const result = record.contractFunctionResult!;
const values = result.getResult(['uint256']);
const amountIn = values[0]; //uint256 amountIn

Next steps

Swap quote (V2)

Fetch expected amounts from QuoterV2 first.

Swap tokens for HBAR (V2)

Run the same flow in the opposite direction.

Track swap events (V2)

Monitor executed swaps in near real time.

Getting started

V1 guides

V2 guides

V3 order book

More guides

Security

AI

Swap HBAR for tokens (V2)

Swap exact HBAR for tokens

Code overview

Swap HBAR for exact tokens

Code overview

Next steps

Swap quote (V2)

Swap tokens for HBAR (V2)

Track swap events (V2)

​Swap exact HBAR for tokens

​Code overview

​Swap HBAR for exact tokens

​Code overview

​Next steps

Swap quote (V2)

Swap tokens for HBAR (V2)

Track swap events (V2)

Swap exact HBAR for tokens

Code overview

Swap HBAR for exact tokens

Code overview

Next steps